Wednesday, 6 March 2013

Information System

In The Name of Allah



These weeks we did not have that much activities due to Lap session classes cancellation or because we did not have enough time to do any for preparing students to do the IT Report.

I have learnt many new concepts about information systems in this session.





System a set of elements or components and have inputs, processing mechanism, outputs and feedback.


Information System Is a application of computer based Information Technology, in other words, it it a combination of hardware, software, infrastructure and trained personnel and used to facilitate planning, control, coordination and decision making in an organization.



TYPES OF IS:

1. Transaction Processing System.

2. Decision Support System.

3. Expert Support System.

4.Management Information System.

5. Office Automation System.







COMPONENTS OF CBIS:

1. Procedure

2. Database

3. Hardware

4. Software

5. Telecommunication

6. People








The following are the four main types of Information Systems:


1.Transaction Processing System

it records the data from daily operation throughout all the departments in the organization. Where all the departments are connected through the TPS in providing vital information to the top management levels in the organization.
Features Of TPS
·         presence of at least one TPS in each department
·         it is mostly used by supervisors
·         it is used to monitor, collect, store, and process data generated form business transactions
·         it is the backbone of any organization information system.


2.Management Information System

It is an integrated device that provides the manager and decision makers with information to help achieve organizational goals.
Functions Of MIS
·         it helps the organization to achieve its goals
·         it also provides right information to the right people at the right time and format
Characteristics of MIS
·         it is used by middle managerial level
·         it produces several kinds of reports like summary reports, demand reports, periodic reports
·         it supports programmed decisions and problems
·         it uses internal data stored in computer system it being TPS.


3.Decision Support System

An orginized collection of people, procedures, database and devic used to support problem-specific decision making. It also provides analysis.
Characteristics of DSS
·         it consists of both internal input it being TPS and external input these are sources from other fields like research.
·         it supports unstructured problems
·         it is mainly used by the tactical managers
·         it consists of four main parts; users, software, data, decision module ie tactical, operational and strategic module.


4.Executive Support System

it is mainly used to summarise all the information collected from other departements inorder to steer the wheel of success in organizational planning and management.
Characteristics of ESS
·         it combines all Transaction Processing System, Management Information System and Decision Support System.
·         it is only used by senior management only
·         it uses both internal and external data sources
·         it provides a summary about the orginazation


5. Expert System

it produces special knowledge in special fields with the use of Artificial Intelligence. this kind of system can be used by anyone. example of such a system is the MRI in hospitals where it gives a brief account of the internal functioning and state of ones internal organs.


other types of IS are:

1.     Office Automation System eg Excel.
2.     Enterprise Resource System.
3.     Business System.
4.     Vision System eg finger print caption.



Finally, was very useful for me, because I have got to know many things about IT and I am still in my way to learn more and more by Allah Willing.

Monday, 4 March 2013

Internet

In The Name of Allah

This topic contains a lot of benefits for me specially and for all students generally. It is about our connection nowadays, about what technology was built on, it the Internet.


 First, So what is Internet?
simply, it is largest network in the world that connects people/organization all over the world.
Any way Internet basis on some concepts:

1. Supplier
2. Customer
3. Headquarter/Remote office/department

Reasons for using the Internet:

1. Find general information /Access Information.
2. Send (upload) or receive (down load) files between computers.
3. Share resources.

Second, we learnt about Internet Services which are:

1. EMAIL
1)                       2. The Web



To access the Web we need some things such as:
A. Internet connection
B. Internet Service Provider.
C. Special software called a browser to access the Web.

3. Transfer Protocol.
The most common transfer protocol used on the Internet is the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and FTP.

4. Chat Room. Such as, Yahoo chat rooms.

5. VOIP. Voice Over Internet Protocol.
Which can make local and international calls easily and cheap. Such as Massenger and Skype.


6. NEWS GROUP.
Electronic bulletin board

Third, By the end of this topic, we learnt how to differentiate among, protocol , Domain name, Pathname and filename.

Finally, During the time which we took to learn about this topic I have learnt many thing that can be very useful for the rest of my life, I hope I can carry on with the same ego.

IT and ICT

In the name of Allah


Salam Alikum..!

This week we did not much because it was only for presentation task by groups of students, although, I did not do mine due to the time was not enough in this week, so I will present next week.

We did an activity in the lab session, every group had to think, draw or analyse any idea that can give the relationship between IT and Economics or Governments.

I present for my Group, Our topic was about how IT can serve Military Sciences. First, with 
Air crafts, Then, Tanks, Next, Machine Guns. I know that sounds strange, but that was what we did.

Anyway let's talk about something more important which we were taught this session, it is IT and ICT.

ICT refers to Information Communication and technology.

We got to know that It is similar to Information Technology (IT), but focuses primarily on communication technologies. This includes the Internet, networks, cell phones, and other communication mediums.

IT + Media Broadcasting = ICT





ICT has much usage in our daily life:

For example:

1. Business

2. Banking

3. Government

4. Education

5. Science

6. Healthcare


Information Technology concepts:

1. Information technology architecture.

2. Information technology infrastructure.

Finally, this session was very useful for me and I hope if I can learn more and more about IT and I will do that by God Willing. 

Data, Information and Information Management


In the name of Allah

Salam Alikum…!!
We have just started our studies with Information technology, for this week we have learnt the main basics of IT. Our new lecturer Miss. Nur Khairunnisha has showed us some of class rules and regulations, then she taught us :

First,
What is a computer and what is its operations.








 Second, Evolution of computers and the five generations of computer.




Third, Categories of computers:

Embedded computers
Mobile devices/ computers
Personal computers
Midrange servers
Mainframes
Supercomputers

Forth, the difference between data and information, the economics and problems associated with information management.

Fifth, what are input and output and the main difference.







Sixth, Roles of Information
Information is used in decision-making.
Information is used to influence and persuade.
Information can be a capital resource, especially for companies that produce information-based products and services.



Seventh, the qualities of valuable information


Eighth, Issue of Data and Information, data integrity.



Ninth, the Economics of Information& IT.




Tenth, Information has two basic elements:
Reach means the number of people, (at home or at work), exchanging information.
Richness means amount of quality information shared in transaction.
       It has three components:
bandwidth (the amount of information that can be moved from sender to receiver in a given time);
customization (whether the information is tailored for an audience of a particular size);
interactivity (the extent to which the involved parties can converse).




Eleventh, Data Communication
     Sender à medium à receiver


Twelfth, Information management (IM) is a general terms that refers to managing any kind of information.



Thirteenth, In terms of technology, information management encompasses systems such as:
     web content management (CM)
     document management (DM)
     records management (RM)
     digital asset management (DAM)
     learning management systems (LM)
     learning content management systems (LCM)



Fourteenth, Problems managing your information and we are going to explain the in presentation task next week.




Finally, I think this week was very nice because it contained much knowledge for me and by Allah willing I will gain more and more about IT.